The plot shows the precession rate for an inner planet a1 perturbed by an exterior companion planet with mass m2 = 10M⊕ at an orbital distance of a2 = 0.1 au. The red curve represents the precession rate due to GR, while the dashed black curve represents the precession rate due to perturbations from the exterior companion
1. Stafne, E., et al. (2025). General Relativity Can Prevent a Runaway Greenhouse on Potentially Habitable Planets Orbiting White Dwarfs. arXiv. https://doi.org/p8wc