Gu Y, Swisher S.G, Ajani J.A, et al. The number of lymph nodes with metastasis predicts survival in patients with esophageal cancer or esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma who receive preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Cancer . 2006;106:1017–1025.
This paper discusses the notion that, in addition to location and response to neoadjuvant therapy, the number of lymph nodes may be one of the most significant predictors of outcome.
Hulscher J.B, van Sandick J.W, de Boer A.G, et al. Extended transthoracic resection compared with limited transhiatal resection for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. N Engl J Med . 2002;347:1662–1669.
This randomized trial evaluated two different approaches for esophagectomy and demonstrated: (1) less morbidity with a transhiatal approach and (2) a trend towards improved long-term survival in the transthoracic group with en-bloc lymphadenectomy.
Kahrilas P.J, Bredenoord A.J, Fox M, et al. The Chicago classification of esophageal motility disorders, v3.0. Neurogastroenterol Motil . 2015;27:160–174.
The Chicago classification has provided a framework to understand and categorize esophageal motility disorders through the use of precise definitions involving high-resolution manometry.